Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors are considered as a promising technology for wastewater treatment due to their superior effectiveness. This article examines the evaluation of PVDF membrane bioreactors in terms of various performance parameters, comprising removal efficiency of contaminants, bacterial activity, and fouling charac

Wastewater treatment/remediation/purification presents a significant global challenge, necessitating the development of efficient and sustainable technologies. Hollow fiber membranes/Microfiltration membranes/Fiber-based membrane systems, renowned for their high surface area-to-volume ratio and versatility, have emerged as promising solutions for w